One of the main characteristics of scholarly journals is the process of peer review. Scholarly articles under consideration for publication are sent to experts in the field (peers) for evaluation and comment (review). Journals following this process are often called "Refereed Journals." (from the UNC Health Sciences Library) North Carolina State University created a useful video about what peer review is, how it relates to teaching and learning, and how you can find peer-reviewed articles: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/tutorials/peerreview/
This guide is intended to connect reviewers with resources that can help throughout the review process. For discipline-specific topics, please contact the relevant subject librarian.
From Peer Review: The Nuts and Bolts and F1000Research
Single-blind review: The reviewers know who the authors are, but the authors do not know who the reviewers are.
Double-blind review: The reviewers do not know who the authors are, and the authors do not know who the reviewers are.
Open review: At its most basic, reviewers know who the authors are and the authors know who the reviewers are. It can also mean inclusion of the reviewers’ names and/or reports alongside the published paper, comments from others [subject community or wider public] at pre-publication stage, or various combinations of these.
Post-publication review: Has many meanings. Can be a review by formally invited reviewers after publication of an article that is previously unreviewed. Some publishers use review by volunteer reviewers, after publication of an unreviewed article. More informally, post-publication review can occur in the form of comments on blogs or third party sites (such as PubPeer), independent of any formal review that may have already occurred on the article.